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Source Information 

Below is a list of source references for statistics and information quoted by Heart of the Nation

More than 25,000 SCA's in Australia Each Year

  • Haskins, B., Nehme, Z., Cameron, P. A., & Smith, K. (2021). Cardiac arrests in general practice clinics or witnessed by emergency medical services: a 20‐year retrospective study. Medical Journal of Australia, 215(5), 222-227

  • Bray, J., Howell, S., Ball, S., Doan, T., Bosley, E., Smith, K., Dicker, B., Faddy, S., Thorrowgood, M., Swain, A., Thomas, A., Wilson, A., Shipp, C., Walker, T., Bailey, P., Finn, J., & Aus-ROC Epistry Management Committee (2022). The epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Australia and New Zealand: A binational report from the Australasian Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (Aus-ROC). Resuscitation, 172, 74–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2022.01.011

Survival Rates - 5%

  • Bray, J., Howell, S., Ball, S., Doan, T., Bosley, E., Smith, K., Dicker, B., Faddy, S., Thorrowgood, M., Swain, A., Thomas, A., Wilson, A., Shipp, C., Walker, T., Bailey, P., Finn, J., & Aus-ROC Epistry Management Committee (2022). The epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Australia and New Zealand: A binational report from the Australasian Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (Aus-ROC). Resuscitation, 172, 74–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2022.01.011

Up to 80% of SCA occur
at home

  • Paratz, E., Page, G. J., & Jennings, G. L. (2023). Defibrillator access across Australia: the first step in avoiding a chain of fatality. Med J Aust, 219, 146-148.

Survival decreases by
7-10% per minute

  • Stærk, M., Lauridsen, K. G., Krogh, K., & Løfgren, B. (2022). Distribution and use of automated external defibrillators and their effect on return of spontaneous circulation in Danish hospitals. Resuscitation Plus, 9, 100211; and Ibrahim, Wanis H (2007), Recent advances and controversies in adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Postgrad Medical Journal; 83:649–654. See: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2600120%2Fpdf%2F649.pdf&clen=194362&chunk=true

If used within the first 3 minutes survival can be as high as 72%

Sex Disparity in Bystander Defibrillation for OHCA (Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest)

  • Paratz ED, Nehme E, Heriot N, Sundararajan V, Page G, Fahy L, Rowe S, Anderson D, Stub D, La Gerche A, Nehme Z. Sex disparities in bystander defibrillation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resusc Plus. 2023 Dec 19;17:100532. doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100532. PMID: 38188595; PMCID: PMC10770583. 

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10770583/

Research on Yellow Signage - Public attitudes towards AEDs

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